|
Log in to
the console as root with correct password:
Welcome to Linux
Linux login: root
Password:
At the prompt
Linux:/root # type the following: shutdown
–h now
- Messages
relating to the shutdown process will scroll down the screen
- Wait
till the last line system halted appears
- At
this point it is safe to turn off the power
top
of page
Usually the
only reason a Linux server ever needs a reboot is due to a system
change that requires a reboot for the new setting to take affect.
Method 1
The
easiest way to reboot the system is to use CTRL+ALT+DEL.
Logging in the system is not necessary. At the console press
the CTRL+ALT+DEL keys at the
same time. Make sure everyone is logged
out or not accessing the Server. Shutdown messages
will scroll down the screen. The system will reboot and eventually
you will see the following screen again:
Welcome
to Linux
Linux login:
The
system is ready, no need to log in.
Method 2
Another
method of rebooting the system is the reboot command.
Log in to the console as root with correct password:
Welcome
to Linux
Linux login: root
Password:
At the
prompt Linux:/root # type the following: reboot
Make
sure everyone is logged out or not accessing the Server.
Shutdown
messages will scroll down the screen, the system will reboot
and eventually you will see the following screen again:
Welcome
to Linux
Linux login:
The
system is ready, no need to log in.
We
recommend turning off the screen saver.
top
of page
Your Linux
server is a powerful Email server with many capabilities making
it a very flexible tool. This section describes the basics of
the Linux Email server and how to configure a Windows Email
Client such as Eudora or Outlook.
Basics of Email
If you
have a 'dial-up' Internet connection, your Linux server will
dial your Internet Service Provider on
a given interval (Example: every ½ hour) to send any
outbound Email waiting in the queue and collect any inbound
Email waiting to be delivered to your users. The frequency
of collection can be controlled by using the Webmin utility
described later. If you have a permanent internet connection
(T1, DSL, ISDN), email is received and sent immediately.
Configuration of
a Windows Email Client
In order
for your users to send and read Email from Windows, a Windows
Email Client software package is necessary, sometimes
referred to as a pop client. Eudora and Outlook
are probably the two most popular Email clients. If you have
another Email client this section should still assist you
in configuring your software.
Eudora
Lite is a free software package provided by QUALCOMM and is
supplied to most of our users. Eudora Lite has quite a few
options and features, for full documentation see www.eudora.com.
The following instructions will assist with basic configuration
and assumes the software is already installed.
Starting
the Eudora program for the first time will automatically bring
up the configuration screen:
|
POP
account: username@192.168.1.1
Real
name: Your
Full Name
Return
Address: username@yourdomain.com
Click
on the Hosts button
to bring up the following screen: |
|
You
will see POP account is already filled in for you.
SMTP:192.168.1.1 |
|
Checking
Mail
Category:
Check
for mail every: 15
minutes
Save
password can be removed if extra security is needed. |
|
Attachments
Category:
Click
the Attachments
button for the following screen: |
Basically
you need to find a directory on your C drive or a drive on
the network to store attachments. We recommend C:\data\attach
or P:\data\attach where "P"
is a mapped path to your server. The
directory \data\attach must be created before selecting it
from this window or it will not be available.
|
When
you have selected a directory click
the Use Directory button. |
|
Miscellaneous
Category:
"Close
messages with mailbox" should have a Ö.
Remove
the Ö from Automatically
open next message.
Click
the OK
button and you are done with Eudora Configuration. |
Basic Email Parameters
Your
Email client software may look quite different but basically
the following parameters are required for ANY Windows Email
Client:
POP Server:
192.168.1.1
SMTP Server: 192.168.1.1
POP Account
username@192.168.1.1
Return
or Reply address:username@yourdomain.com
top
of page
Your Linux
server can provide all computers on your network access to the
Internet using only one connection. No additional modems,
phone lines, monthly connection fees or dialup accounts are necessary.
This feature also provides protection to your computers on your
network from outside users in the Internet world, this is commonly
called a firewall. Very few configuration settings are required
on the workstations which makes Internet access very easy. The
following example is for a Windows 95 workstation
Open up the
Networking icon in the Control
Panel
|
Highlight
the selection TCP/IP and click
on Properties.
If
there is more than one TCP/IP component highlight the
one pointing to your Ethernet card. |
|
This
screen is very important but easy to work with:
You
should have a unique IP address assigned by your network
administrator. It will start with 192.168.1.x.
Subnet mask is always 255.255.255.0 |
|
Click
on the Gateway
tab:
Enter
the new gateway as 192.168.1.1 and click Add |
|
Click
the DNS Configuration
tab
Enable
DNS should
be checked.
Host:
Name of your computer
Domain:
yourdomain.com
DNS
Server Search Order:
Enter a DNS Server number
click Add.
Domain
Suffix Search Order:
yourdomain.com
click Add |
You're done.
Click OK twice on the Network Configuration screen. Your
computer will need to reboot.
top
of page
If you don't
have a ISDN, DSL or T1 dedicated line to the Internet, your server
will be configured one of two different ways for connection to
the Internet, automatic (diald) or manual (ppp-on).
Automatic or dial-on-demand
(diald)
If any
computer on the network requires access to the Internet, (example:
a user tries to pull up a web page in Netscape or Internet
Explorer) the Linux server will automatically dial. After
a few seconds the selected web page should appear. The connection
will remain for 15 minutes and then disconnect if no further
Internet activity is detected.
Manual connection
(ppp-on)
A manual
connection is used in cases where an administrator controls
connection to the Internet (perhaps in order to prevent abuse).
Basically it requires the root user to log on to the system
and issue a command to connect to the Internet and then another
command to disconnect when the session is finished.
Log in
to the console as root with correct password:
Welcome
to Linux
Linux login: root
Password:
At the
Linux:/root # type: ppp-on
The
modem will dial and connect, a few seconds later the Internet
will be accessible by all computers on the network.
Manual disconnect
(ppp-off)
After
Internet access is no longer needed, issue the command: ppp-off
To
logout of the system type:logout
top
of page
It is possible
for remote administration of the Linux server via the Internet,
therefore it is necessary to know your dedicated IP address that
was assigned to you by your ISP.
Log in to
the console as root with correct password:
Welcome
to Linux
Linux login: root
Password:
At
the prompt Linux:/root # type the following: ifconfig
The
following will appear on the screen:
lo
Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Bcast:127.255.255.255
Mask:255.0.0.0
UP BROADCAST LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:3584 Metric:1
RX packets:18914 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
TX packets:18914 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
eth0
Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:94:57:BC:B7
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255
Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:89441 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
TX packets:129631 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
Interrupt:14 Base address:0x5100
ppp0
Link encap:Point-Point Protocol
inet addr:207.241.61.189
P-t-P:207.241.61.254 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6465 errors:1 dropped:1 overruns:0
TX packets:6869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
The
ppp0 section contains the unique IP address. In this example
it is 207.241.61.189.
top
of page
Most Linux
servers installed by Advanced Horizons are configured as a Windows
file and print server. This means the Linux server is a central
location for users to share files (word, excel, databases, etc.)
and printers.
To accomplish
this a utility called Samba (see www.samba.org)
is installed on the Linux server. Samba is a software package
that makes the Linux server look like a Windows NT server. We
feel Samba is faster and more reliable than Windows NT.
Mapping a Public
Drive
The
public drive is the common data storage place on the Linux
server for users to share documents. Anything stored on the
public drive is accessible by everyone else on the network.
At a Windows workstation double click
on the Network Neighborhood icon:
|
At
least one of the computers listed in the window will be
called Linux.
Double
click on the computer listed as Linux:
|
|
A
list of file and printer shares will appear
Right
click on the folder labeled public and click
map network drive: |
|
Change
Drive to:
Reconnect at logon should
be checked.
Click
OK |
Mapping a Private
Drive
A
private drive is your own personal drive for storage
of data on the Linux server. No one else on the network can
see your private drive, the advantage of having a private
drive is privacy, the ability to access your files remotely
and your data is backed up daily.
|
With
the Linux shares still open, right
click on your user name:
Click
on map network drive:
|
|
Change
the drive to P: and make sure
Reconnect at logon is
checked. |
Click
OK
and close all windows back to the
desktop.
Connecting Printers
on the Linux server
Basically
you need to add a printer using the printer wizard or install
your printer software and specify the printer
is not a local printer but a network printer:
|
When
asked for a network path, you can drill down to find
it: |
The printers
that are connected to the Linux server will be listed under the
Linux icon as a printer share. After selecting the network path
to your printer follow the rest of the instructions for your specific
printer to complete the installation.
top
of page
If your Linux
server is acting as a file and print server, chances are you have
a tape drive installed on the server as well. One person should
be responsible for successful backups. Usually the person responsible
will receive a daily Email message as to the status of the last
backup.
The following
is an example of an Email message notifying the user of a reliable
backup:
Date: Fri, 9 Apr 1999 01:18:13 -0500
From: Cron Daemon root@Linux.n9sla.org
To: root@Linux.n9sla.org
Subject: Cron <root@Linux> /root/backup
Retension Tape
Erased Tape
Backup complete
./usr/local/samba/var/locks/browse.dat: Mod time differs
./var/run/printer: Mode or device-type changed
Verify complete
Your message
may vary a bit but there should be no error messages. It should
be dated properly and the entire Email message should be rather
short like the one above.
If your work
week is Monday through Friday you should have at least 5 tapes,
one for each day. A better choice would be 6 tapes so that you
can have a weekly off site copy in case of fire or theft. The
person responsible for backups should make this procedure a high
priority and one of their daily tasks. Two minutes of time a day
can save weeks or in some cases months of work.
top
of page
Many functions
like adding users, changing passwords, shutting down the system,
adding printers, scheduled backups and Email collection times
can be administered from your workstation using a web browser
such as Netscape or Internet Explorer.
Webmin
is a free utility installed on the Linux server that makes this
possible. (www.webmin.com)
Webmin is password protected so unauthorized
users can not change settings on the system.
Advanced
Horizons can install Webmin on your Linux server in case it has
not been installed.
To use Webmin,
start your web browser and open a
new document.
 Enter
192.168.1.1:10000: |
Click
Open
and if Webmin is installed the following screen will appear:
|
Enter
the username and password for Webmin
you were assigned and click OK.
|
The Webmin
administration screen will appear. There
are many different configuration settings you can change so make
sure you know what you are doing before changing anything.
Some of the icons and configuration screens are self-explaining.
Lets take
a look at the icon Scheduled Cron Jobs:
These are
tasks that will be automatically executed at a specified time.
Some examples would be Email collection and scheduled backups.
In this example we will check the schedule of the Email collection.
Click on the command /root/getmail/.
If you need
to change the schedule click on the times
needed and click Save when
done. Go back in to your scheduled job to verify the changes.
When done
with Webmin just exit your web browser.
top
of page
|
Business Info 
