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lpr - Print a file
Command: lpr -P <spooler name> <filename to print>
Example: To print the file /etc/passwd to the printer laser, enter...
lpr -Plaser /etc/passwd
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lpq - View Print Jobs
Command: lpq-P <optional spooler name> <optional
user name>
Example: To view current print jobs for all printers for the current user, enter...
lpq
Example: To view current print jobs for the printer laser only, enter...
lpq -Plaser
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lprm - Remove a Print Job
Command: lprm -P<spooler name> <job id>
<optional user name>
Examples:
To remove the job 123 for printer laser, enter
lprm -Plaser 123
To remove all print jobs for the printer laser
lprm -Plaser -
Note: The "-" at the end of the command is necessary.
The job can be determined by using the above lpq command.
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lpc - Spooler Manager and Status
lpc is used to display the status of the
print spooling system and control the availability. A print queue
relates to an individual printer. The spool deamon
relates to all printers.
| Command |
Argument Options |
What it does |
| ?
or help |
|
- Displays a short description of each command specified in the argument list, or
- If no argument is given, a list of the recognized commands
|
| status |
|
Display the status of daemons and queues on the local machine. |
| topq |
- printer and
- jobnumber or
- user name
|
Place the jobs in the order listed at the top of the printer queue. |
| abort |
|
- Terminate an active spooling daemon on the local host immediately
- Disable printing for the specified printers
|
| clean |
|
Remove any temporary files, data files, and control files
that cannot be printed from the specified printer queue(s)
on the local machine. |
| disable |
|
- Turn the specified printer queues off
- This prevents new printer jobs from being entered into the queue by lpr
- Opposite of enable
|
| down |
- all
- printer name
- + message
|
- Turn the specified printer queue off
- Disable printing
- Put message in the printer status file. The message doesn't need to be quoted.
- This is normally used to take a printer down and let others
know why the printer is down and print the status
message
- Opposite of up
|
| enable |
|
- Enable spooling on the local queue for the listed printers
- This will allow new jobs in the spool queue
- Opposite of disable
|
| up |
|
- Enable everything
- Start a new printer daemon
- Undoes the effects of down
|
| start |
|
- Enable printing
- Start a spooling daemon for the listed printers.
|
| restart |
|
Attempt to start a new printer daemon.
This is useful when some abnormal condition causes the
daemon to die unexpectedly, leaving jobs in the queue.
Lpq will report that there is no daemon present when this
condition occurs. If the user is the super-user, try to
abort the current daemon first (i.e., kill and restart a stuck daemon). |
| stop |
|
- Stop a spooling daemon after the current job completes
- Disable printing
|
| exit or quit |
|
Exit from lpc |
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/etc/printcap = Spooler Configuration File
The configuration and controls for each printer are stored in /etc/printcap.
The spooling system accesses the printcap file every
time a print job is issued. Each entry is used to describe one printer.
| Name |
Type |
Example |
Description |
| af |
str |
NULL |
name of accounting file |
| lf |
str |
/var/log/printname |
error logging file name |
| lo |
str |
lock |
name of lock file |
| lp |
str |
/dev/lp |
device name to open for output |
| sd |
str |
/var/spool/lpd |
spool directory |
| if |
str |
NULL |
name of text filter which does accounting |
| rm |
str |
NULL |
machine name for remote printer |
| rp |
0 str |
``lp'' |
remote printer name argument |
| ff |
str |
`\f' |
string to send for a form feed |
| fo |
bool |
false |
print a form feed when device is opened |
| sf |
bool |
false |
suppress form feeds |
| mx# |
num |
1000 |
maximum file size in BUFSIZ blocks, zero=unlimited |
| pl |
num |
66 |
page length in lines |
| pw |
num |
132 |
page width in characters |
| px |
um |
0 |
page width in pixels horizontal |
| py |
num |
0 |
page length in pixels vertical |
| rg |
str |
NULL |
restricted group. Only members of group allowed access |
| rs |
bool |
false |
restrict remote users to those with local accounts |
| rw |
bool |
false |
open the printer device for reading and writing |
| sc |
bool |
false |
suppress multiple copies |
| sb |
bool |
false |
short banner (one line only) |
| sh |
bool |
false |
suppress printing of burst page header |
| st |
str |
status |
status file name |
| tr |
str |
NULL |
trailer string to print when queue empties |
| cf |
str |
NULL |
cifplot data filter |
| df |
str |
NULL |
tex data filter (DVI format) |
| gf |
str |
NULL |
graph data filter format |
| nf |
str |
NULL |
ditroff data filter (device independent troff) |
| of |
str |
NULL |
name of output filtering program |
| hl |
bool |
false |
print the burst header pagelast |
| ic |
bool |
false |
driver supports nonstandard ioctl to indent printout |
| rf |
str |
NULL |
filter for printing FORTRAN style text files |
| tf |
str |
NULL |
troff data filter (cat phototypesetter) |
| vf |
str |
NULL |
raster image filter printer |
| br |
num |
none |
if lp is a tty, set the baud rate |
| fc |
num |
0 |
if lp is a tty, clear flag bits |
| fs |
num |
0 |
like `fc' butset bits |
Example printcap entries....
hp8500:\
:rm=hp8500:\
:rp=raw:\
:mx#0:\
:lf=/var/log/hp8500log:\
:sh:\
:sd=/usr/spool/lpd/hp8500:
The above entry represents...
- print queue name hp8500 (Could be called whatever you want)
- print device rm=hp8500 (This is a network printer that has an entry in the /etc/hosts file)
- printer option rp=raw (Send data as is)
- limit mx#0 (No limit)
- log file lf=/var/log/hp8500log (One entry written to log file for every print job)
- suppress print header (banner) sh (no value represents off or no)
- spool directory sd=/usr/spool/lpd/hp8500 (directory where actual spooled files reside until printed)
lp:\
:rm=hp8500:\
:rp=text:\
:mx#0:\
:lf=/var/log/hp8500log:\
:sh:\
:sd=/usr/spool/lpd/hp8500:
The second entry is a print queue named lp.
It is the same as hp8500 except it sends the data as text instead of raw.
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CUPS documentation
Because web pages already exist for CUPS documentation, instead of re-creating
the documents we have provided links below to the actual CUPS web site.
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